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STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS FROM THE STEMS OF Solanum diphyllum L. (Solanaceae) COLLECTED IN DA NANG
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents and the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extracts from the stem of Solanum diphyllum L. (Solanaceae) collected in Da Nang, Vietnam.
Subjects and methods: Ethanol extracts (40% and 70%) were analyzed for phytochemical constituents using characteristic chemical reactions. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH radical scavenging assay; antibacterial activity was assessed by the agar dilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was determined by the heat-induced albumin denaturation assay.
Results: Both extracts contained flavonoids, saponins, sterols, phenolics, and reducing sugars, with strong signals for flavonoids and saponins. The 70% ethanol extract (IC₅₀ = 4.655 mg/mL) exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than the 40% extract (IC₅₀ = 9.898 mg/mL). Both extracts inhibited S. aureus at 25 mg/mL, while at 50 mg/mL they also inhibited E. coli and P. aeruginosa, with MIC values of 25 mg/mL (S. aureus) and 50 mg/mL (E. coli, P. aeruginosa). Regarding anti-inflammatory activity, the 40% extract showed an IC₅₀ of 3.121 mg/mL, while the 70% ethanol extract exhibited a stronger activity with an IC₅₀ of 2.51 mg/mL.
Conclusion: Ethanol stem extracts of Solanum diphyllum L. demonstrate promising biological activities, providing a scientific basis for the development of pharmaceuticals and functional foods.
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References
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