Khảo sát thực trạng kiến thức và thực hành về chế độ dinh dưỡng của người bệnh đái tháo đường type 2 điều trị tại Bệnh viện Tuệ Tĩnh năm 2025

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the current status of knowledge and nutritional practices among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at Tue Tinh Hospital in 2025.

Subjects and method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 212 patients (26 inpatients and 186 outpatients) at Tue Tinh Hospital from January to December 2025. Nutritional knowledge and dietary practices were assessed using criteria developed based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommendations and the Vietnamese Ministry of Health guidelines.

Result: Most patients demonstrated good awareness of diabetes management, with 93.4% correctly identifying combined medication, nutrition, and physical activity as the optimal treatment and 91.0% recognizing the need for regular follow-up. However, only 13.2% achieved adequate nutritional knowledge according to the predefined scoring criteria, while 41.0% achieved adequate dietary practice. Positive dietary behaviors included avoiding sugar-sweetened or caffeinated beverages (83.5%), preferring boiling or steaming for food preparation (71.7%), and using vegetable oils in cooking (70.8%)

Conclusion: Patients showed good awareness of diabetes management but limited nutritional knowledge and dietary practice. Individualized nutrition education and counseling should be strengthened to improve dietary self-management.